Frequently, repairs have to be made in up to 70 ft of moving water while the structure is still in operation. Moisture conditions and frost resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures. In traditional abrasive conditions 3 major rules can be established. This manual covers requirements for design of reinforced concrete hydraulic structures by the strength design method. An abrasion machine was developed for laboratory use. A total of concrete mixtures using 4 different types of steel fibers. Experimental study on the mechanism of the combined action. Prostruct 515 gunite is a dry process gunite applied, high strength permanent concrete repair material. Use of crushed rock in developing abrasion resistant concrete. Hard aggregates are more abrasion resistant than soft aggregates. Abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete made with class c fly ash by tarun r. An automatic sand mixing device was invented for highpressure and highspeed flow based on the characteristics of venturi cavitation generator and hydraulic bernoulli principle.
Standard test methods for determination of abrasion. One of the newer materials is force 10,000, a microsilicabased admixture. Hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of. As a part of the comnprehensive test program, the abrasionerosion resistance of frc was evaluated and is presented herein. Technical paper influence of various material parameters. At present, several experimental methods are used to investigate the antiabrasion or anticavitation performance of hydraulic concrete. The abrasion resistance of different concretes can be studied with. Corrosion of reinforcing steel is the most common cause of concrete. In hydraulic structures, particles of sand or gravel in flowing water can erode. In hydraulic structures, the action of the abrasive materials carried by flowing water generally leads to erosion of the concrete. Different types of suspected frost related damage concrete structures in hydro to power plants are identified and categorised in this. A study on abrasion resistance of concrete paving blocks aslantas, onur m.
Abrasion resistance of concrete journal of materials in. Abrasionerosion resistance of fiberreinforced concrete. However, the resistance of such concrete subjected to abrasive action of. The abrasion of concrete has been categorized among the most sever deteriorations that can affect the hydraulic structures surfaces, and hence impact the durability of these structures along. Abrasion on concrete surfaces caused by hydraulic loading with waterborne sands mohammad sabbir hasan hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of water in reservoirs as well as open channels. Wear can be a particular problem in industrial floors. Abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete in hydraulic. This is required to make the concrete plastic and more workable. It is imperative that materials be tested and evaluated, in accordance with astm c 18 crdc 63, prior to use in the repair of abrasionerosion damaged hydraulic structures. The abrasionerosion resistance of concrete was evaluated according to astm c 18, test method for abrasion resistance of concrete underwater method.
Dec 23, 2019 a new experimental method on simulating the combined action of cavitation erosion and abrasion was proposed to investigate the erosion mechanism of overflow structure induced by the said processes. Abrasion test of flexible protective materials on hydraulic. As a part of the comnprehensive test program, the abrasion erosion resistance of frc was evaluated and is presented herein. Hydraulic structure is the umbrella term for structures in contact with water hydro power stations, dams, locks, canals, harbours and bridge piles. Abrasion resistance of concrete made with micro fibers and recycled granulated rubber abstract durability of concrete engineering structures in most part depends on the resistance of their surface to mechanical abrasion. This paper presents the results of the examinations of abrasive wear of the nine types of highstrength concrete hsc with compressive strength of 75. Concrete water structures suffer from abrasion damage over time as they are. The following summary discusses potential causes of concrete deterioration and the factors that influence them. Tb0710 force 10,000 d reducing hydraulic abrasionerosion. Finally, abrasion resistance is relevant to any use of. Abrasion resistance and mechanical properties of self. Abrasion resistance of concrete is measured by different standard test procedures.
In this test, the concrete sample is subjected to an abrasive charge consisting of 70 chrome steel balls circulating in water over the concrete surface. The depth of eroded concrete can range from a few inches to over 10ft cavities. The abrasion of hydraulic concrete structures caused by the washing action of flowing water is a common problem and cannot be solved by simply increasing the strength of the concrete. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on the lower sava river 247 gates, which is achieved at 2,500 m3s. In this paper, the phenomenon of concrete abrasion in hydraulic structures, which is caused by the abrasion process resulting from the sediment carried by water, is analyzed. Other types of concrete deterioration are outside the scope of this report. Compressive strength and abrasion resistance of concretes.
Because of such operation regime, the exposed parts of spillways, where abrasive erosion is to be expected. To ensure safe operation, increase in service life and reduction of maintenance costs of hydraulic concrete structures and the development of abrasion resistant materials are required. Another excellent reference is a 2003 research paper by yuwen liu et al entitled. In this thesis we compared different evaluation methods and their with the results of standard test method astm c 18. Pdf abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures. Standard test method for abrasion resistance of horizontal. This abrasion can affect the service life and precautions are therefore necessary when designing and producing concrete structures for the arctic. Hydraulic abrasionresistant elastic epoxy resin materials.
Recommendations resulting from the study can be dilrided into two. Hydraulic structures, equipment and water data acquisition systems vol. Concrete can deteriorate for a variety of reasons, and concrete damage is often the result of a combination of factors. Moisture conditions and frost resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures rosenqvist, martin 20 link to publication citation for published version apa. Iv the aging and rehabilitation of appurtenant structures to dams and the aging of masonry dams g. Manual concrete practice, part 1, american concrete institute, farmington hill, mi. Abrasion damage in hydraulic structures is caused by the abrasive effects of waterborne silt, sand, gravel, rocks, ice, and other debris impinging on the concrete surface. Abrasion resistance of concrete made with micro fibers and. Abrasion on concr ete surfaces caused by hydraulic loading with waterborne sands mohammad sabbir hasan hydraulic structures play an important role in regulation and transport of water in reservoirs as well as open channels. Sims encyclopedia of life support systems eolss abrasion by particles of rock or sand in highvelocity flow, cavitation, and erosion of. Pdf testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic. For quality concrete, a proper proportion of water to cement is essential.
Although highquality concrete can resist high water velocities for many years with little or no damage, the concrete may not withstand the abrasive action of debris grinding. The adequacy of the laboratory procedure for the definition of the level of concrete abrasion in standard astm c18 hydraulic structures was investigated in detail. The term abrasion in hydraulic structures is used for the process of disintegration of exposed concrete surfaces, resulting from loads arising from sediment. Abrasion rate versus impact angle for concrete made with wb 0. Because of such operation regime, the exposed parts of spillways, where abrasive erosion is.
Abrasion resistant concrete the american concrete institute report aci 210r93 erosion of concrete in hydraulic structures is an excellent reference that discusses the causes, control, maintenance and repair of erosion in hydraulic structures. Force 10,000 d can be used to produce more durable, abrasionresistant concrete for hydraulic structures. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on. This method simulates the abrasive action of waterborne particles and is most commonly used for determining abrasion resistance of concrete, designed for use in hydraulic structures. Ordinarily, concrete in properly designed, constructed. Abrasion resistance of highstrength concrete in hydraulic structures. Unesco eolss sample chapters hydraulic structures, equipment and water data acquisition systems vol. For the examinations of the abrasive resistance of hsc, the astm c 18 standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete method was selected. For concrete floors, the mortar fraction needs to be resistant to abrasion aci 302. However, this is vital in hydraulic structures, floors and highway and runway pavements. The second series, focusing on the effect of watercementitious ratio wc on abrasion resistance, reveal that as long as wc is maintained at about 0.
Abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures. Ozgur yaman december 2004, 93 pages concrete block pavement cbp can be an alternative pavement to asphalt and concrete pavements. The aging and rehabilitation of appurtenant structures to. Abrasion of concrete on hydraulic structures with underwater method. References 1 astm c418 2005, standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete by sandblasting, astm international, west conshohocken, 4pp. The determination of abrasion of concrete in arctic offshore structures is based on four different factors. For example, underwater steelball method and highspeed water sand method are usually used in antiabrasion test wang et al. Use of crushed rock in developing abrasion resistant. This work was undertaken to evaluate the abrasion resistanc e of concrete proportioned to have five levels of cement replacements 15, 30, 40, 50, and 70% with one source of class c fly ash. Comparison of methods for evaluating the abrasion resistance. The manual contains provisions for design of structures that are satisfactory for both serviceability and ultimate strength. Force 10,000 aids in producing a much more abrasionresistant concrete, which economically provides added durability and design life in hydraulic structures. Cbp is formed from individual concrete paving blocks cpbs.
They are not intended to provide a quantitative measurement of length of service. Under such conditions the transport of coarse grains is expected. Abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures article pdf available in aci materials journal 1064. To ensure safe operation, increase in service life and reduction of maintenance costs of hydraulic concrete structures and the development of abrasionresistant materials are required. An attempt has been made to develop a high strength abrasion resistant concrete a 20 m 60 using crushed rock quartzite as fine aggregate, which has been successfully used to prepare the top layer of barrage floor of vishnu prayag hydroelectric project located in chamoli district of uttarakhand state. Fiberreinforced concrete frc has been used for repair of abrasion erosion damaged areas such as stilling basins, conduits, sluiceways, and discharge laterals in hydraulic structures. Fiberreinforced concrete frc has been used for repair of abrasionerosion damaged areas such as stilling basins, conduits, sluiceways, and discharge laterals in hydraulic structures. References 1 astm c418 2005, standard test method for abrasion resistance of concrete. Abrasionresistant concrete should include the maximum amount of the hardest coarse aggregate that is available and the lowest practical wc. Testing of concrete abrasion resistance in hydraulic.
The effect of cement partial replacement by fly ash on the abrasion resistance of concrete in hydraulic structures is investigated in this study. A hydraulic concrete structure should have abrasion erosion resistance. The abrasion resistance of concrete is significantly affected by the exposure conditions, concrete strength, aggregate properties, cementitious materials, curing, methods and surface finish 1. Moisture conditions and frost resistance of concrete in. Abrasion of concrete is one of the major problems in hydraulic structures resulting from the abrasive effects of waterborne silt, sand, gravel, rocks, ice and other debris being circulated over a concrete surface. Abrasion of concrete hydraulic structures surfaces by waterborne. The procedures differ in the type and degree of abrasive force they impart, and are intended for use in determining variations in surface properties of concrete affected by mixture proportions, finishing, and surface treatment. Abrasion on concrete surfaces caused by hydraulic loading.
Liu et al impact abrasion of hydraulic structures concrete 255 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 impact abrasion rate gh wcm 0. Abrasion resistance and scaling resistance of concrete. Performing orgootiaation nama oftd addrau center for transportation research the university of texas at austin austin, texas 787121075 technical report standard title fage 3. Pdf in this paper, the phenomenon of concrete abrasion in hydraulic structures, which is caused by the abrasion process resulting from the sediment. Actions needed to resist abrasion depend on the type of structure and abrasive action to be resisted. Experimental study on the mechanism of the combined action of. The paper presents the results of experimental test of.
They may also be used for quality acceptance of products and surface exposed to wear. However, concrete abrasion resistance is particularly important in pavements, floors, hydraulic structures such as tunnels and dam spillways or other surfaces upon which friction forces are applied due to relative motion between the surfaces and moving objects. The level of wear of the existing base concret e in the control. Ice can also act in the pores of concrete as hydraulic pressure 4, 5, as a propagating ice front in a concrete frost test 6, 7 or due to different thermal expansion coefficients concreteice 8, 9. Testing of concret e abrasion resistance in hydraulic structures on the lower sava river fig.
1201 483 560 898 1209 481 337 1395 1455 1560 583 1180 706 332 250 447 1251 556 1271 1192 1294 226 611 1021 732 1139 995 1215 501 306 383 620